nephroblastoma
Pronunciation: nef-roh-blas-TOH-mah
The most common primary kidney tumor in children, also known as Wilms tumor.
Full Definition
Nephroblastoma, commonly called Wilms tumor, is an embryonal malignancy arising from primitive kidney tissue and represents about 90% of pediatric renal tumors. The tumor typically presents in children aged 2-5 years as an asymptomatic abdominal mass, though some patients may have hypertension, hematuria, or abdominal pain. Nephroblastoma can be associated with congenital syndromes including WAGR syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, and Denys-Drash syndrome. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach combining surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy, with excellent survival rates exceeding 90% in most cases.
Usage
Usage note: Wilms tumor is the preferred term in patient communication; nephroblastoma in medical documentation.
In Context
- "The 3-year-old presented with a large abdominal mass that was subsequently diagnosed as nephroblastoma." — case report
- "Genetic counseling is recommended for children with nephroblastoma and associated congenital anomalies." — treatment guideline