infantile scoliosis
Spinal curvature developing in children before age 3, with potential for spontaneous resolution or progressive worsening.
Full Definition
Infantile scoliosis is defined as spinal curvature that develops in children under 3 years of age, distinct from juvenile and adolescent forms due to its different natural history and treatment considerations. The condition can be idiopathic or associated with congenital vertebral anomalies, neuromuscular conditions, or syndromic disorders. Many cases, particularly those diagnosed before age 2, have potential for spontaneous improvement. However, progressive curves can lead to severe deformity and compromise of pulmonary function due to thoracic insufficiency syndrome. The Mehta angle and rib-vertebra angle difference (RVAD) are used to predict curve progression. Treatment options include observation, serial casting (Mehta technique), bracing, growth-friendly spinal instrumentation, or definitive fusion depending on curve magnitude and progression.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from juvenile scoliosis (ages 3-10) and specify curve location and magnitude.
In Context
- "The 18-month-old patient presented with infantile scoliosis showing a 35-degree thoracic curve." — Pediatric spine evaluation
- "Serial casting was initiated for progressive infantile scoliosis using the Mehta technique." — Treatment plan documentation