neuroblastoma
Pronunciation: new-roh-blas-TOH-mah
Most common extracranial solid tumor in children, arising from neural crest cells.
Full Definition
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children, representing about 15% of all pediatric cancer deaths. These tumors arise from neural crest cells that normally develop into sympathetic nervous system components. Most cases occur in children under 5 years, with the primary tumor most commonly located in the adrenal gland or sympathetic ganglia along the spine. Neuroblastomas demonstrate remarkable biological heterogeneity, ranging from spontaneous regression in infants to aggressive metastatic disease. Histological grading follows the International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification, and prognosis depends on factors including age, stage, MYCN amplification status, and histological grade.
Usage
Usage note: Differentiate from related tumors ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma, which represent more mature forms.
In Context
- "The tumor showed features of poorly differentiated neuroblastoma with MYCN amplification detected by FISH." — Oncologic pathology report
- "Bone marrow examination revealed metastatic neuroblastoma cells with characteristic rosette formation." — Hematopathology report