pulmonary hypoplasia
Pronunciation: PUL-mo-nar-ee hahy-poh-PLAY-zhuh
Underdevelopment of one or both lungs, resulting in reduced lung volume and alveolar number.
Full Definition
Pulmonary hypoplasia is a congenital condition characterized by incomplete development of lung tissue, leading to decreased lung volume, reduced alveolar surface area, and impaired gas exchange. This condition can be unilateral or bilateral and is often associated with other congenital anomalies such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia or oligohydramnios. The severity ranges from mild cases with minimal respiratory compromise to severe cases requiring immediate ventilatory support. Diagnosis is typically made through prenatal imaging or postnatal chest radiography and CT scans.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify unilateral or bilateral when describing extent of hypoplasia.
In Context
- "The neonate presented with severe respiratory distress secondary to bilateral pulmonary hypoplasia." — Clinical case report
- "Prenatal MRI revealed significant pulmonary hypoplasia associated with the diaphragmatic hernia." — Radiology report