pulmonary interstitial emphysema
Condition where air leaks into the lung tissue spaces, particularly in premature infants on mechanical ventilation.
Full Definition
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) is a condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of air within the pulmonary interstitium, lymphatics, and perivascular spaces of the lungs. This complication most commonly occurs in premature infants receiving mechanical ventilation, where high airway pressures cause alveolar rupture and air dissection into surrounding tissues. PIE can be localized or generalized and may progress to more serious complications such as pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum. The condition appears as linear or cystic lucencies on chest radiographs and can significantly impair gas exchange and cardiovascular function.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as PIE; most frequently seen in ventilated premature infants.
In Context
- "The chest radiograph demonstrated extensive pulmonary interstitial emphysema in the right lung following high-frequency ventilation." — Radiology interpretation
- "Management of pulmonary interstitial emphysema included reduction of ventilator pressures and consideration of selective bronchial intubation." — Treatment planning documentation