subglottic stenosis
Pronunciation: sub-GLOT-ik sten-OH-sis
Narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords, either congenital or acquired, causing stridor and breathing difficulties.
Full Definition
Subglottic stenosis is a condition where the airway becomes narrowed in the area just below the vocal cords (subglottis), the narrowest part of a child's larynx. It can be congenital, often associated with premature birth and prolonged intubation, or acquired due to trauma, infection, or gastroesophageal reflux. The condition typically presents with biphasic stridor, recurrent croup-like symptoms, and exercise intolerance. Treatment ranges from observation to surgical intervention including balloon dilation or laryngotracheal reconstruction.
Usage
Usage note: Graded I-IV based on percentage of luminal narrowing. Often abbreviated as SGS.
In Context
- "The patient's recurrent stridor was attributed to grade III subglottic stenosis requiring surgical intervention." — Operative report
- "Endoscopic evaluation revealed mild subglottic stenosis with 50% luminal narrowing." — Procedure note