vocal cord paralysis
Inability of one or both vocal cords to move properly, causing voice changes and potential airway obstruction in pediatric patients.
Full Definition
Vocal cord paralysis in children involves the loss of normal vocal cord movement due to injury or dysfunction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve or superior laryngeal nerve. It can be unilateral or bilateral, with bilateral paralysis posing greater risk for airway obstruction and requiring potential tracheostomy. Common causes include birth trauma, cardiac surgery complications, or neurological conditions. Unilateral paralysis typically presents with voice changes and aspiration risk, while bilateral paralysis may cause significant stridor and respiratory distress. Treatment depends on severity and may include voice therapy, injection laryngoplasty, or surgical airway management.
Usage
Usage note: Specify unilateral or bilateral as this significantly affects prognosis and treatment approach.
In Context
- "Post-operative vocal cord paralysis was identified as the cause of the infant's weak cry and feeding difficulties." — Post-surgical consultation
- "Bilateral vocal cord paralysis necessitated immediate tracheostomy to secure the airway." — Emergency procedure note