CDH
Pronunciation: C-D-H
Also written as: CDH — Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, a developmental defect allowing abdominal organs to herniate into the thoracic cavity.
Full Definition
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a developmental anomaly characterized by incomplete formation of the diaphragm, most commonly the left posterolateral aspect (Bochdalek hernia). This defect allows abdominal viscera to herniate into the thoracic cavity, resulting in pulmonary hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension. The condition can be diagnosed prenatally with ultrasound, showing abnormal position of abdominal organs in the chest and mediastinal shift. Postnatal chest radiographs reveal bowel loops or other abdominal organs in the hemithorax with contralateral mediastinal shift. The severity depends on the timing of herniation during lung development. Treatment involves surgical repair after stabilization of pulmonary hypertension, often requiring ECMO support.
Usage
Usage note: Written in capital letters. Specify side (left/right) and type (Bochdalek/Morgagni) when known.
In Context
- "Left-sided CDH with significant mediastinal shift requires immediate surgical consultation." — Neonatal intensive care
- "Prenatal MRI confirms severe CDH with liver herniation and poor lung-to-head ratio." — Maternal-fetal medicine