choledochal cyst
Pronunciation: /kəˈlɛdəkəl sɪst/
Congenital cystic dilatations of the biliary tree classified into five types, commonly presenting in childhood with abdominal pain and jaundice.
Full Definition
Choledochal cysts are rare congenital malformations characterized by cystic dilatations of the intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic biliary tree. The Todani classification system divides these lesions into five main types based on location and morphology, with Type I (fusiform dilatation of the common bile duct) being most common. These cysts typically present in childhood with the classic triad of abdominal pain, jaundice, and palpable abdominal mass, though the complete triad is present in only 10-15% of cases. Imaging with ultrasound and MRCP helps define the anatomy and guide surgical planning. Choledochal cysts carry an increased risk of biliary malignancy and typically require complete surgical excision.
Usage
Usage note: Specify the Todani type when known for surgical planning purposes.
In Context
- "MRCP demonstrated a Type I choledochal cyst with fusiform dilatation of the common bile duct." — Pediatric hepatology consultation
- "The ultrasound findings were consistent with a choledochal cyst requiring surgical evaluation." — Pediatric radiology report