ductus venosus
Pronunciation: /ˈdʌktəs vɪˈnoʊsəs/
A fetal vascular shunt that bypasses the liver, connecting the umbilical vein directly to the inferior vena cava.
Full Definition
The ductus venosus is a crucial fetal circulatory structure that allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass hepatic circulation and flow directly from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. This vessel normally closes within the first few days of life, forming the ligamentum venosum. In pediatric radiology, persistent patency of the ductus venosus can be detected on Doppler ultrasound or CT angiography and may be associated with congenital heart disease, portal hypertension, or liver dysfunction. Abnormal flow patterns in the ductus venosus during fetal life can indicate cardiac dysfunction, chromosomal abnormalities, or intrauterine growth restriction. Assessment requires specialized knowledge of fetal hemodynamics and timing of normal closure.
Usage
Usage note: Should not be confused with ductus arteriosus, which connects pulmonary artery to aorta.
In Context
- "The ductus venosus remained patent at 2 weeks of age, requiring further cardiac evaluation." — Neonatal echocardiography report
- "Abnormal flow reversal in the ductus venosus suggested fetal cardiac compromise." — Fetal Doppler study