lymphangioma
Pronunciation: lim-FAN-jee-oh-mah
Benign congenital malformation of lymphatic vessels appearing as multiloculated cystic masses, most commonly in the neck and axilla.
Full Definition
A benign developmental malformation of the lymphatic system characterized by dilated lymphatic channels forming cystic spaces. These lesions are most commonly found in the neck (cystic hygroma) and axilla, though they can occur in various anatomical locations. On imaging, lymphangiomas appear as multiloculated cystic masses with thin septations and may contain fluid-fluid levels if hemorrhage has occurred. MRI is particularly useful for defining the extent of these lesions and their relationship to adjacent structures. Large cervical lymphangiomas can cause airway compression and feeding difficulties in neonates. Treatment options include surgical excision, sclerotherapy, or observation depending on size and symptoms.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred term over 'cystic hygroma'; distinguish from other vascular malformations.
In Context
- "MRI demonstrated a large lymphangioma extending from the left neck into the superior mediastinum." — Pediatric radiology report
- "The axillary lymphangioma showed typical multiloculated cystic appearance on ultrasound." — Vascular anomaly clinic note