posterior urethral valves
Congenital obstructive membrane in the male posterior urethra causing bladder outlet obstruction and potential renal damage.
Full Definition
The most common cause of severe bladder outlet obstruction in male infants, consisting of abnormal tissue folds or membranes in the posterior urethra. These valves cause varying degrees of obstruction leading to bladder hypertrophy, hydroureteronephrosis, and potential renal dysplasia. Diagnosis is typically made with voiding cystourethrography, which demonstrates characteristic dilation of the posterior urethra proximal to the valve with a sharp transition to normal caliber distally. Prenatal ultrasound may show oligohydramnios and fetal hydronephrosis. Early diagnosis and treatment with endoscopic valve ablation are crucial to preserve renal function and prevent long-term complications including chronic kidney disease.
Usage
Usage note: Always plural 'valves'; commonly abbreviated as PUV; affects only males.
In Context
- "Voiding cystourethrography revealed posterior urethral valves with severe bladder trabeculation." — Pediatric urology report
- "The neonate required urgent cystoscopy for posterior urethral valves ablation." — Surgical procedure note