pyloric stenosis
Hypertrophic thickening of the pyloric muscle in infants causing gastric outlet obstruction, diagnosed primarily through ultrasound measurements.
Full Definition
Pyloric stenosis, specifically hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS), is a condition affecting infants, typically presenting between 2-8 weeks of age with progressive non-bilious vomiting. The condition results from hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the pyloric muscle, creating gastric outlet obstruction. Ultrasound is the primary diagnostic tool, with specific measurements criteria: pyloric muscle thickness >3mm, pyloric channel length >15mm, and pyloric diameter >13mm. The ultrasound examination requires proper technique and patient positioning to accurately visualize the pylorus. When ultrasound is inconclusive, upper gastrointestinal series may show the characteristic 'string sign' and delayed gastric emptying.
Usage
Usage note: Include specific measurements in radiology reports for surgical planning.
In Context
- "Ultrasound measurements confirmed pyloric stenosis with muscle thickness of 4.2mm." — Pediatric radiology report
- "The infant's symptoms and imaging findings were consistent with pyloric stenosis requiring pyloromyotomy." — Pediatric surgery consultation