CNO
Also written as: CNO — Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis
Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis, a sterile inflammatory bone condition affecting children and adolescents.
Full Definition
Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory disorder characterized by sterile bone inflammation that primarily affects children and adolescents. The condition presents with bone pain, swelling, and characteristic radiographic changes including osteolysis, sclerosis, and hyperostosis. CNO can be unifocal or multifocal, with the multifocal variant sometimes referred to as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO). The etiology involves dysregulated innate immune responses rather than infection, and treatment typically includes NSAIDs as first-line therapy, with bisphosphonates or TNF inhibitors reserved for refractory cases. Long-term complications may include growth disturbances and spinal deformities.
Usage
Usage note: CNO and CRMO are often used interchangeably, though CNO is the broader term encompassing both unifocal and multifocal disease.
In Context
- "The patient's CNO responded well to high-dose NSAID therapy with resolution of bone pain." — Treatment response note
- "MRI findings confirmed multifocal CNO lesions in the spine and pelvis." — Radiology interpretation