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Intermediate Technical IVT

Imperforate Anus

Congenital absence or malposition of the anal opening requiring surgical reconstruction.

Full Definition

Imperforate anus is a spectrum of congenital anorectal malformations characterized by abnormal development of the anorectum, ranging from simple anal membrane to complex cloacal malformations. The condition affects approximately 1 in 5,000 births and is classified as high, intermediate, or low based on the relationship of the rectal pouch to the levator ani muscle complex. Associated anomalies occur in up to 60% of patients, often involving the genitourinary system, spine, or heart (VACTERL association). Treatment typically involves initial colostomy formation followed by definitive repair through posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) or other specialized techniques, with long-term outcomes dependent on the presence of adequate sphincter muscles and associated anomalies.

Usage

Usage note: Part of the spectrum of anorectal malformations; often associated with VACTERL syndrome.

In Context

  • "The newborn was diagnosed with high imperforate anus and underwent protective colostomy." — operative report
  • "MRI revealed the level of imperforate anus and associated rectourethral fistula." — radiology report

Also known as

anal atresia anorectal malformation

Don't confuse with

anal stenosis rectovesical fistula

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