Myelomeningocele
Pronunciation: mahy-uh-loh-muh-NIN-goh-seel
Severe form of spina bifida where the spinal cord and nerves protrude through an opening in the spine.
Full Definition
Myelomeningocele is the most serious type of spina bifida, a neural tube defect occurring when the spine doesn't close properly during fetal development. In this condition, the spinal cord, nerves, and protective membranes push through the open vertebrae, creating a visible sac on the baby's back. The condition typically requires immediate surgical closure and results in varying degrees of paralysis, bowel and bladder dysfunction, and may be associated with hydrocephalus requiring shunt placement.
Usage
Usage note: Requires urgent surgical closure; often associated with Chiari II malformation and hydrocephalus.
In Context
- "The L4-S1 myelomeningocele was repaired within 48 hours of birth to prevent infection." — Neurosurgical operative report
- "Prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele prompted discussion of fetal surgical intervention." — Maternal-fetal medicine consultation