hyperbilirubinemia
Pronunciation: hy-per-bil-ih-roo-bin-EE-mee-ah
Elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, commonly causing jaundice in newborns and requiring monitoring for potential complications.
Full Definition
Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition characterized by elevated serum bilirubin levels, most commonly seen in newborns due to immature liver function and increased red blood cell breakdown. Physiologic jaundice typically appears 2-3 days after birth and resolves spontaneously, while pathologic jaundice may appear within the first 24 hours or persist beyond normal timeframes. Severe hyperbilirubinemia can lead to kernicterus, a form of brain damage caused by bilirubin deposition in neural tissue. Treatment may include phototherapy, exchange transfusion in severe cases, or addressing underlying causes such as hemolysis or metabolic disorders.
Usage
Usage note: When writing about neonatal cases, specify whether jaundice is physiologic or pathologic.
In Context
- "The newborn's hyperbilirubinemia required phototherapy to prevent progression to dangerous levels." — Nursery discharge summary
- "Serial bilirubin measurements monitor the progression of hyperbilirubinemia in at-risk infants." — Laboratory protocol