hypocalcemic seizures
Pronunciation: hy-po-kal-SEE-mik SEE-zhurs
Seizures caused by low blood calcium levels, most commonly seen in newborns with conditions affecting calcium metabolism.
Full Definition
Hypocalcemic seizures are convulsions that result from critically low serum calcium levels, typically below 7 mg/dL in term infants or 6 mg/dL in preterm infants. These seizures can occur in the early neonatal period due to maternal diabetes, prematurity, or birth asphyxia, or later due to dietary factors or vitamin D deficiency. Clinical presentation may include subtle signs like jitteriness, irritability, or apnea, progressing to frank seizures. Immediate treatment involves intravenous calcium gluconate administration, followed by investigation and management of the underlying cause. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential to prevent neurological sequelae.
Usage
Usage note: Often confused with hypoglycemic seizures; laboratory confirmation is essential.
In Context
- "The neonate developed hypocalcemic seizures secondary to maternal diabetes." — Neonatal intensive care note
- "Intravenous calcium gluconate was administered for hypocalcemic seizures." — Emergency treatment protocol