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meningomyelocele
Pronunciation: men-IN-go-MY-eh-lo-seel
Severe form of spina bifida where spinal cord and meninges protrude through a vertebral defect.
Full Definition
The most severe form of spina bifida, characterized by protrusion of both the spinal cord and its surrounding meninges through an opening in the vertebral column. This neural tube defect typically occurs in the lumbar or sacral region and is associated with varying degrees of paralysis, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and hydrocephalus. Prenatal folic acid supplementation significantly reduces the risk, and affected infants require immediate surgical closure and multidisciplinary care throughout life.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from meningocele which lacks spinal cord involvement; note associated hydrocephalus.
In Context
- "Prenatal MRI confirmed a lumbar meningomyelocele with associated Chiari II malformation." — fetal medicine consultation
- "The newborn underwent immediate closure of the meningomyelocele defect within 24 hours of birth." — neurosurgery operative note
Also known as
myelomeningocele
open spina bifida
Contrasted with
spina bifida occulta
Don't confuse with
meningocele
lipomyelomeningocele