neonatal abstinence syndrome
Also written as: NAS — neonatal abstinence syndrome
A constellation of withdrawal symptoms in newborns exposed to addictive substances in utero, requiring specialized monitoring and treatment.
Full Definition
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) occurs when newborns experience withdrawal symptoms after in utero exposure to addictive substances, most commonly opioids. Symptoms typically appear within 24-72 hours of birth and may include irritability, tremors, high-pitched crying, feeding difficulties, vomiting, diarrhea, and seizures. The Finnegan scoring system is commonly used to assess symptom severity and guide treatment decisions. Management includes supportive care, environmental modifications, and in severe cases, pharmacological treatment with morphine or methadone. The condition requires careful monitoring and a multidisciplinary approach involving neonatologists, nurses, and social services.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as NAS in medical documentation. Capitalize 'syndrome' only when part of the full term.
In Context
- "The infant's Finnegan score indicated moderate neonatal abstinence syndrome requiring pharmacological intervention." — Nursing assessment note