pyloric stenosis
A condition in infants where the muscle surrounding the pylorus (outlet of the stomach) becomes abnormally thick, blocking food from entering the small intestine.
Full Definition
Pyloric stenosis, specifically hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, is a relatively common condition affecting infants, typically presenting between 2-8 weeks of age. The pyloric muscle becomes abnormally thickened and enlarged, creating a physical obstruction that prevents stomach contents from passing into the duodenum. This results in progressive, projectile vomiting that worsens over time, leading to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. The condition is more common in males and firstborn children, and surgical correction (pyloromyotomy) is the standard treatment.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as HPS in clinical notes, but spell out in formal documentation.
In Context
- "The classic presentation of pyloric stenosis includes projectile vomiting in a previously healthy infant." — Clinical documentation
- "Ultrasound confirmed pyloric stenosis with a pyloric muscle thickness of 4.5 mm." — Radiology report