chorionic villus sampling
Pronunciation: KORE-ee-on-ik VIL-us SAM-pling
Prenatal diagnostic procedure obtaining placental tissue for genetic testing, typically performed between 10-13 weeks.
Full Definition
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) is an invasive prenatal diagnostic procedure performed between 10-13 weeks of gestation to obtain fetal genetic material for chromosomal and genetic analysis. The procedure involves sampling chorionic villi from the developing placenta using either a transcervical approach (through the cervix) or transabdominal approach (through the abdomen) under ultrasound guidance. CVS can diagnose conditions such as Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and Tay-Sachs disease earlier in pregnancy compared to amniocentesis. The procedure carries a small risk of miscarriage (approximately 1 in 200-500) and rare complications including infection and maternal discomfort.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as CVS; specify approach (transcervical vs. transabdominal) in documentation.
In Context
- "Chorionic villus sampling revealed trisomy 21, confirming the suspected Down syndrome diagnosis." — Genetic counseling report
- "The transcervical CVS procedure was technically successful with adequate tissue sampling." — Procedure note