hydrocephalus
Pronunciation: hi-dro-SEF-ah-lus
Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in fetal brain ventricles, often complicating delivery due to macrocephaly.
Full Definition
Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain's ventricular system, leading to enlarged ventricles and increased intracranial pressure. In the fetal and neonatal period, this condition can result from various causes including neural tube defects, infections, hemorrhage, or genetic abnormalities. The primary obstetric concern is macrocephaly (enlarged fetal head), which can lead to cephalopelvic disproportion and complicate vaginal delivery. Prenatal diagnosis is typically made through ultrasound showing dilated lateral ventricles. The condition may be isolated or associated with other anomalies such as spina bifida. Management decisions involve multidisciplinary consultation between obstetrics, neurosurgery, and neonatology to plan appropriate delivery and postnatal care.
Usage
Usage note: Focus on obstetric implications rather than neurological management.
In Context
- "Fetal hydrocephalus was diagnosed at 22 weeks, requiring genetic counseling and delivery planning." — Ultrasound report
- "The patient underwent cesarean delivery due to severe fetal hydrocephalus and anticipated cephalopelvic disproportion." — Operative report