hyperemesis gravidarum
Pronunciation: hy-per-EM-eh-sis grav-ih-DARE-um
Also written as: HG — hyperemesis gravidarum
Severe form of pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting causing dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and weight loss.
Full Definition
A severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that typically begins in the first trimester and can persist throughout gestation. Unlike normal morning sickness, hyperemesis gravidarum causes significant dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, ketonuria, and weight loss exceeding 5% of pre-pregnancy weight. The condition affects 0.3-3% of pregnancies and may require hospitalization for intravenous fluid replacement and antiemetic therapy. Complications can include Wernicke encephalopathy from thiamine deficiency and esophageal rupture from persistent vomiting.
Usage
Usage note: Latin term; distinguish from normal pregnancy nausea by severity and complications.
In Context
- "The patient was hospitalized for hyperemesis gravidarum with ketosis and 10-pound weight loss." — Admission note
- "Hyperemesis gravidarum resolved by 20 weeks with supportive care and antiemetic medications." — Prenatal follow-up note