incompetent cervix
Condition where the cervix opens prematurely during pregnancy without contractions, leading to pregnancy loss or preterm birth.
Full Definition
A condition characterized by painless cervical shortening and dilation in the second trimester of pregnancy, typically between 14-24 weeks gestation, without accompanying uterine contractions. The term 'cervical insufficiency' is now preferred over 'incompetent cervix' in medical literature. This condition can result from congenital cervical abnormalities, previous cervical trauma, or prior procedures such as cone biopsy. Diagnosis is often made retrospectively after recurrent pregnancy losses. Treatment may include cervical cerclage, progesterone supplementation, and activity modification.
Usage
Usage note: 'Cervical insufficiency' is the preferred modern term over 'incompetent cervix.'
In Context
- "The patient had a history of incompetent cervix requiring cerclage placement in previous pregnancies." — Obstetric history review
- "Serial cervical length measurements were performed due to suspected cervical insufficiency." — High-risk pregnancy monitoring