meconium aspiration syndrome
Pronunciation: mih-KONE-ee-um as-pih-RAY-shun SIN-drome
Respiratory complication in newborns caused by inhalation of meconium-stained amniotic fluid.
Full Definition
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) occurs when a newborn inhales meconium-stained amniotic fluid during delivery or in utero, leading to respiratory distress and potential lung complications. Meconium, the first stool passed by a newborn, may be released into the amniotic fluid during fetal stress, particularly in post-term pregnancies. When aspirated, meconium can cause airway obstruction, chemical pneumonitis, and persistent pulmonary hypertension. Treatment may include suctioning, oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, and in severe cases, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The condition carries risks of pneumothorax and long-term respiratory complications.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as MAS in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "Thick meconium at delivery necessitated immediate intubation to prevent meconium aspiration syndrome." — Delivery room procedure note
- "Chest X-ray findings were consistent with meconium aspiration syndrome, showing bilateral infiltrates." — Radiology report