persistent pulmonary hypertension
Also written as: PPHN — Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
Failure of normal circulatory transition at birth, resulting in continued high pressure in pulmonary vessels.
Full Definition
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs when the normal transition from fetal to postnatal circulation fails to occur after birth. In utero, pulmonary vascular resistance is high and most blood bypasses the lungs through the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale. Normally, these shunts close after birth as pulmonary vascular resistance drops. In PPHN, pulmonary vascular resistance remains elevated, causing continued right-to-left shunting and severe hypoxemia. This condition can be primary (without underlying lung disease) or secondary to conditions like meconium aspiration or pneumonia. Treatment includes oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, and sometimes nitric oxide or ECMO.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as PPHN in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "The neonate developed persistent pulmonary hypertension requiring nitric oxide therapy." — NICU treatment plan
- "Echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of persistent pulmonary hypertension with right-to-left shunting." — Cardiology consultation