uterine rupture
Complete separation of all uterine wall layers, including the serosal surface, during pregnancy or labor.
Full Definition
A catastrophic obstetric emergency involving complete disruption of all layers of the uterine wall, including the serosa, allowing direct communication between the uterine and peritoneal cavities. This differs from uterine dehiscence, which involves only partial separation of a previous scar. Risk factors include previous uterine surgery, excessive uterine distention, obstructed labor, and inappropriate use of oxytocin. Clinical presentation includes sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, fetal heart rate abnormalities, and maternal hemodynamic instability. Immediate cesarean delivery and uterine repair or hysterectomy are required.
Usage
Usage note: Complete rupture involves all layers; partial rupture (dehiscence) spares the serosa.
In Context
- "Emergency cesarean section revealed uterine rupture with extension into the broad ligament." — Operative report
- "The sudden onset of fetal bradycardia and abdominal pain raised suspicion for uterine rupture." — Emergency obstetric assessment