Flaccid Paralysis
Pronunciation: FLAK-sid pah-RAL-uh-sis
A condition characterized by muscle weakness and decreased muscle tone resulting from lower motor neuron damage or dysfunction.
Full Definition
Flaccid paralysis represents a complete loss of voluntary muscle control accompanied by decreased or absent muscle tone, typically resulting from damage to lower motor neurons, peripheral nerves, or neuromuscular junctions. This condition presents unique challenges in physical therapy as traditional strengthening exercises are ineffective due to the absence of voluntary muscle contraction. Treatment focuses on maintaining joint range of motion, preventing contractures, optimizing positioning, and potentially utilizing electrical stimulation to maintain muscle bulk. Physical therapists must distinguish flaccid paralysis from spastic paralysis, as treatment approaches differ significantly. Documentation should specify affected muscle groups, associated sensory changes, and functional implications for mobility and activities of daily living.
Usage
Usage note: Always distinguish from spastic conditions and specify the anatomical distribution and underlying cause when known.
In Context
- "Patient presented with flaccid paralysis of the right upper extremity following brachial plexus injury." — Initial evaluation
- "Range of motion exercises were prioritized due to the flaccid paralysis and risk of contracture formation." — Treatment plan