macrosomia
Pronunciation: /ˌmækroʊˈsoʊmiə/
Fetal overgrowth defined as birth weight exceeding 4000g or above the 90th percentile for gestational age, associated with increased delivery complications.
Full Definition
Macrosomia refers to excessive fetal growth resulting in birth weight greater than 4000g (8 pounds 13 ounces) or weight above the 90th percentile for gestational age. Some definitions use 4500g as the threshold for severe macrosomia. The condition is most commonly associated with maternal diabetes (pre-gestational or gestational), maternal obesity, previous history of macrosomia, or post-term pregnancy. Complications include shoulder dystocia, birth trauma, cesarean delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, and neonatal hypoglycemia. Prenatal diagnosis relies on estimated fetal weight calculations from ultrasound biometry, though accuracy decreases with larger fetuses. Management may involve timing of delivery, mode of delivery counseling, and preparation for potential complications during birth.
Usage
Usage note: Single word; note the 'macro' prefix meaning large; distinguish from LGA (large for gestational age).
In Context
- "Estimated fetal weight of 4200g at 37 weeks raised concerns about macrosomia and shoulder dystocia risk." — Ultrasound report
- "Maternal diabetes screening was repeated due to suspected fetal macrosomia on routine scanning." — Prenatal care documentation