selection bias
Systematic error in psychiatric epidemiology arising from non-representative sampling or differential participation rates.
Full Definition
A type of bias that occurs when the study sample is not representative of the target population, leading to skewed estimates of psychiatric disorder prevalence or associations. In psychiatric epidemiology, selection bias commonly arises when individuals with mental health problems are more or less likely to participate in research, when studies rely on clinical samples that may over-represent severe cases, or when certain demographic groups are systematically excluded. This bias can significantly affect the generalizability of findings and lead to incorrect conclusions about disease burden, risk factors, or treatment effectiveness in the broader population.
Usage
Usage note: In psychiatric contexts, particularly important to consider how mental health status may affect participation willingness.
In Context
- "The study's reliance on hospital-based recruitment introduced significant selection bias toward more severe cases." — Study limitations discussion
- "Researchers implemented multiple strategies to minimize selection bias, including community outreach and incentive programs." — Methodology section