Tardive Dystonia
Pronunciation: dis-TOH-nee-ah
A late-onset movement disorder caused by antipsychotic medications, characterized by sustained muscle contractions.
Full Definition
Tardive dystonia is a form of tardive syndrome that develops after chronic exposure to dopamine receptor blocking agents, typically antipsychotic medications. It presents as sustained involuntary muscle contractions that cause twisting, repetitive movements or abnormal postures. Unlike tardive dyskinesia, which involves choreiform movements, tardive dystonia features sustained contractions that may affect the neck, trunk, limbs, or facial muscles. This condition can be painful and significantly disabling, and it may persist even after discontinuation of the causative medication. Risk factors include younger age of exposure and cumulative medication dosage.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from tardive dyskinesia by noting sustained contractions versus choreiform movements.
In Context
- "The patient developed tardive dystonia with sustained neck contractions after five years of antipsychotic treatment." — Neurology consultation note
- "AIMS scoring was supplemented with dystonia rating scales to monitor for tardive dystonia development." — Medication monitoring protocol