introjection
The unconscious incorporation of external objects, qualities, or relationships into one's internal psychological structure.
Full Definition
Introjection involves taking in aspects of external objects—people, their characteristics, or relational patterns—and making them part of one's internal psychological world. This process is fundamental to psychological development, allowing children to internalize parental functions and societal values. However, introjection can also be problematic when negative or conflictual elements are incorporated, leading to internal persecution or self-criticism. Unlike identification, which involves conscious modeling, introjection operates unconsciously and can result in foreign elements within the psyche that feel alien or persecutory to the individual.
Usage
Usage note: Often confused with identification; introjection is more primitive and unconscious.
In Context
- "The patient's harsh self-criticism reflected introjection of her mother's critical voice." — Clinical formulation
- "Through introjection of the analyst's containing function, the patient developed greater emotional stability." — Treatment progress note