neuroleptic
Pronunciation: new-roh-LEP-tik
A class of psychiatric medications primarily used to treat psychotic disorders, also known as antipsychotics.
Full Definition
Neuroleptic is a term historically used to describe medications that treat psychosis by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. The term encompasses both typical (first-generation) and atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics, though it is more commonly applied to older medications like haloperidol and chlorpromazine. Neuroleptics are effective in treating positive symptoms of schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and other psychotic conditions. The term derives from the neurological side effects these medications can produce, including extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia. Modern practice often favors the term 'antipsychotic' over 'neuroleptic.'
Usage
Usage note: While still used, 'antipsychotic' is the preferred modern term. 'Major tranquilizer' is outdated and should be avoided.
In Context
- "The patient experienced extrapyramidal side effects from the neuroleptic medication." — Clinical note
- "Neuroleptic dosage was reduced due to emerging movement disorders." — Medication adjustment note