extrapyramidal symptoms
Movement disorders caused by medications that affect dopamine pathways, including tremor, rigidity, and abnormal movements.
Full Definition
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are neurological side effects that result from dopamine receptor blockade, primarily associated with antipsychotic medications. These symptoms include acute dystonia (muscle spasms), parkinsonism (tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia), akathisia (restlessness), and tardive dyskinesia (late-onset involuntary movements). EPS can significantly impact patient quality of life and treatment adherence. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential, often involving dose reduction, medication switching, or addition of anticholinergic medications. Second-generation antipsychotics generally have lower EPS risk compared to first-generation agents.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as EPS; encompasses multiple specific movement disorders caused by dopamine blockade.
In Context
- "The patient developed extrapyramidal symptoms requiring dose reduction of the antipsychotic." — Adverse event documentation
- "Regular assessment for extrapyramidal symptoms is recommended for all patients on dopamine-blocking medications." — Monitoring protocol