NMS
Pronunciation: N-M-S
Also written as: NMS — Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - a rare but potentially fatal reaction to antipsychotic medications characterized by hyperthermia, rigidity, and autonomic instability.
Full Definition
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening idiosyncratic reaction to dopamine-blocking medications, most commonly antipsychotics. The syndrome presents with the classic tetrad of hyperthermia, severe muscular rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction including tachycardia, hypertension, and diaphoresis. Laboratory findings typically include elevated creatine kinase, leukocytosis, and myoglobinuria. NMS represents a medical emergency requiring immediate discontinuation of the offending agent and supportive care. The condition can occur at any time during treatment and with any antipsychotic medication.
Usage
Usage note: Always expand abbreviation on first use. Note that 'neuroleptic' is used even for atypical antipsychotics in this context.
In Context
- "The emergency team suspected NMS based on the patient's fever, rigidity, and recent haloperidol initiation." — emergency department note
- "Dantrolene and bromocriptine were administered for suspected NMS." — treatment protocol