pharmacogenomics
Pronunciation: farm-ah-ko-jee-NO-miks
The study of how genetic variations affect individual responses to psychiatric medications.
Full Definition
Pharmacogenomics examines how genetic differences influence drug metabolism, efficacy, and adverse effects in individual patients. In psychiatry, pharmacogenomic testing can help predict which medications are most likely to be effective for a specific patient and which may cause adverse reactions. Common genetic variations affect cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for metabolizing many psychiatric medications. This field is increasingly important for personalizing psychiatric treatment, potentially reducing trial-and-error prescribing and improving outcomes. However, clinical implementation requires careful interpretation of test results and consideration of other factors affecting medication response.
Usage
Usage note: Refers specifically to genetic influence on drug response, not general genetics or pharmacology.
In Context
- "Pharmacogenomic testing revealed the patient was a poor metabolizer of this antidepressant." — Genetic testing report
- "The psychiatrist ordered pharmacogenomic testing to guide medication selection for treatment-resistant depression." — Clinical decision note