rapid metabolizer
Genetic phenotype characterized by increased enzymatic activity resulting in faster drug metabolism and potentially reduced therapeutic response.
Full Definition
Rapid metabolizers possess genetic variants that result in increased activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes, particularly cytochrome P450 isoforms. This phenotype leads to faster conversion of medications to inactive metabolites, potentially resulting in subtherapeutic drug levels despite standard dosing. In psychopharmacology, rapid metabolizers may require higher doses or more frequent administration to achieve therapeutic effect, particularly with medications metabolized through CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 pathways. Pharmacogenomic testing can identify these individuals and guide personalized dosing strategies.
Usage
Usage note: Specify the enzyme system when relevant (e.g., 'CYP2D6 rapid metabolizer').
In Context
- "Pharmacogenomic testing revealed the patient was a rapid metabolizer of CYP2D6 substrates." — genetic testing report
- "Rapid metabolizers may require dose adjustments to achieve therapeutic plasma levels." — dosing guideline