ectopic pregnancy
Pronunciation: ek-TOP-ik PREG-nan-see
Implantation of an embryo outside the uterine cavity. A serious complication requiring immediate medical intervention.
Full Definition
Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized embryo implants and develops outside the normal intrauterine location, most commonly in the fallopian tube (95% of cases). Other sites include the ovary, cervix, or abdominal cavity. This condition represents a medical emergency as it can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage if the growing embryo ruptures surrounding tissues. Risk factors include previous ectopic pregnancy, tubal damage from infection or surgery, and certain assisted reproductive technology procedures. Diagnosis typically involves serial beta-hCG measurements, transvaginal ultrasound, and clinical assessment. Treatment options include methotrexate therapy for early, unruptured cases or surgical intervention for more advanced or ruptured ectopic pregnancies. Early detection and management are crucial for preserving future fertility and preventing maternal mortality.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify location when known (tubal, ovarian, etc.); distinguish from intrauterine pregnancy failure.
In Context
- "Rising beta-hCG levels without intrauterine gestational sac raised suspicion for ectopic pregnancy." — Emergency department evaluation
- "History of pelvic inflammatory disease increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy in future conceptions." — Patient counseling documentation