preimplantation genetic testing
Also written as: PGT — Preimplantation Genetic Testing
Genetic analysis of embryos before transfer to detect chromosomal or genetic abnormalities.
Full Definition
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) encompasses genetic and chromosomal analysis of embryos created through in vitro fertilization before transfer to the uterus. There are three main types: PGT-A (aneuploidy testing) screens for chromosomal abnormalities, PGT-M (monogenic testing) detects specific genetic disorders, and PGT-SR (structural rearrangements) identifies chromosomal rearrangements. The procedure involves removing a few cells from the embryo through biopsy, typically at the blastocyst stage, and analyzing the genetic material. PGT can help reduce miscarriage rates, increase pregnancy success, and prevent the transmission of genetic diseases, though it adds complexity and cost to IVF treatment.
Usage
Usage note: PGT has replaced older terminology like PGD and PGS. Specify the type (PGT-A, PGT-M, or PGT-SR) when relevant.
In Context
- "Preimplantation genetic testing revealed chromosomally normal embryos available for transfer." — Laboratory report
- "The couple opted for preimplantation genetic testing due to advanced maternal age." — Treatment plan