mitochondrial inheritance
Pattern of inheritance for genes located in mitochondrial DNA, transmitted maternally.
Full Definition
Mitochondrial inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material contained within mitochondria, which follows a distinctive maternal inheritance pattern. Unlike nuclear genes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited exclusively from the mother through the oocyte's cytoplasm. This inheritance pattern is relevant in reproductive genetics for counseling families with mitochondrial disorders, as affected mothers will transmit the condition to all offspring, while affected fathers cannot pass mitochondrial mutations to their children. The phenomenon of heteroplasmy, where cells contain both normal and mutant mitochondria, adds complexity to genetic counseling scenarios.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from X-linked inheritance, which also shows maternal transmission to sons but has different recurrence risks.
In Context
- "The genetic counselor explained that mitochondrial inheritance meant the condition could only be passed from mother to child." — Genetic counseling session
- "Mitochondrial inheritance patterns were evident in the three-generation pedigree showing maternal transmission." — Pedigree analysis report