cryopreservation
The process of freezing and storing gametes, embryos, or reproductive tissue at extremely low temperatures for future use.
Full Definition
Cryopreservation is a reproductive technology technique that involves cooling biological materials to very low temperatures (typically -196°C using liquid nitrogen) to halt all biological activity and preserve them for extended periods. In reproductive medicine, this applies to sperm, eggs, embryos, and ovarian or testicular tissue. The process requires the use of cryoprotectants to prevent ice crystal formation that could damage cellular structures. Modern techniques like vitrification have significantly improved survival rates post-thaw. Cryopreservation enables fertility preservation for cancer patients, delayed childbearing, and the storage of excess embryos from IVF cycles.
Usage
Usage note: Often confused with vitrification, which is a specific rapid-freezing method used in cryopreservation.
In Context
- "The patient opted for oocyte cryopreservation before beginning chemotherapy treatment." — Medical consultation notes
- "Sperm cryopreservation protocols require careful temperature monitoring throughout the process." — Laboratory procedure manual