high-flow nasal cannula
Also written as: HFNC
An oxygen delivery system providing heated, humidified oxygen at high flow rates through specialized nasal prongs.
Full Definition
High-flow nasal cannula therapy delivers oxygen at flow rates up to 60 L/min through large-bore nasal prongs, providing precise FiO2 control with optimal heating and humidification. The high flow rates create positive end-expiratory pressure, reduce dead space ventilation, and decrease work of breathing. HFNC bridges the gap between conventional oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation, often preventing the need for intubation in respiratory failure. It's particularly effective in hypoxemic respiratory failure, post-extubation support, and as an alternative to standard oxygen therapy in critically ill patients. Patient comfort is generally superior to face masks.
Usage
Usage note: Abbreviated as HFNC; distinguish from conventional nasal cannula (typically 1-6 L/min).
In Context
- "The patient was started on high-flow nasal cannula at 40 L/min with 60% FiO2." — Respiratory therapy order
- "High-flow nasal cannula therapy prevented intubation in this case of pneumonia." — Clinical outcome report