long QT syndrome
Inherited cardiac condition causing delayed ventricular repolarization and increased arrhythmic risk.
Full Definition
Long QT syndrome is a hereditary cardiac channelopathy characterized by prolonged ventricular repolarization, manifesting as QT interval prolongation on electrocardiography and increased susceptibility to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (torsades de pointes). In sports medicine, this condition is particularly concerning as exercise, emotional stress, or sudden loud noises can trigger life-threatening arrhythmias in affected individuals. The syndrome comprises multiple genetic subtypes with varying triggers and clinical presentations. Athletes diagnosed with long QT syndrome typically require activity restriction from competitive sports, beta-blocker therapy, and sometimes implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement for high-risk individuals.
Usage
Usage note: Avoid abbreviating to LQTS in formal clinical documentation; specify genetic subtype when known.
In Context
- "Genetic testing confirmed long QT syndrome type 1 in the swimmer who experienced exercise-related syncope." — genetic counseling report
- "Screening protocols should include QT interval measurement to identify athletes with long QT syndrome." — preparticipation guidelines