cytological atypia
Pronunciation: ay-TIP-ee-ah
Abnormal cellular features observed on cytology that may indicate malignancy or premalignant conditions.
Full Definition
Cytological atypia refers to abnormal cellular features observed in cytological specimens, including nuclear enlargement, irregular nuclear contours, increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli, and chromatin abnormalities. In thoracic oncology, cytological atypia in sputum, bronchial brushings, pleural fluid, or fine needle aspirates may indicate malignant transformation or premalignant changes. The degree of atypia helps guide further diagnostic workup, with severe atypia often warranting tissue biopsy for definitive diagnosis. Cytopathologists use standardized terminology to classify degrees of atypia, and correlation with clinical and radiological findings is essential for appropriate interpretation and management decisions.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from dysplasia, which refers to histological rather than cytological abnormalities.
In Context
- "The pleural fluid cytology showed severe cytological atypia suspicious for malignancy." — Pathology report
- "Mild cytological atypia was noted in the bronchial brushings, warranting close follow-up." — Cytology report