anticoagulation
Pharmacologic therapy using medications to prevent blood clot formation and reduce thrombotic complications.
Full Definition
The therapeutic use of medications that interfere with the coagulation cascade to prevent or treat thrombotic events. Common anticoagulants include warfarin (vitamin K antagonist), heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins (antithrombin activators), and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as rivaroxaban and apixaban. In vascular surgery, anticoagulation is used perioperatively to prevent graft thrombosis, long-term for patients with atrial fibrillation or mechanical heart valves, and acutely for arterial embolism or deep vein thrombosis. Monitoring requirements and bleeding risks vary significantly between agents and require careful patient selection and follow-up.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from antiplatelet therapy. Specify agent and indication when documenting treatment plans.
In Context
- "The patient was started on systemic anticoagulation with heparin for acute arterial embolism." — Emergency treatment note
- "Long-term anticoagulation with warfarin is recommended given the patient's atrial fibrillation." — Discharge planning