microvascular dysfunction
Pronunciation: MY-kro-vas-kyu-lar dis-FUNK-shun
Impaired function of small coronary arteries that cannot be visualized on standard angiography.
Full Definition
A pathological condition affecting the coronary microvasculature (vessels <500 micrometers), characterized by abnormal vasomotor function, structural remodeling, or rarefaction of small arteries and arterioles. This dysfunction can cause chest pain and ischemia despite normal-appearing epicardial coronary arteries on angiography. Assessment requires specialized techniques such as coronary flow reserve measurement, index of microcirculatory resistance, or positron emission tomography. The condition is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of angina, particularly in women.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from epicardial coronary artery disease in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "Despite normal coronary angiography, the patient's symptoms were attributed to microvascular dysfunction." — Clinical assessment
- "Coronary flow reserve testing confirmed the presence of microvascular dysfunction in this diabetic patient." — Diagnostic report