immunohistochemistry
Also written as: IHC — immunohistochemistry
A laboratory technique using antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissue samples, essential for breast cancer subtype classification.
Full Definition
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a histopathological staining technique that uses specific antibodies to detect and visualize particular proteins or antigens within tissue sections. In breast cancer pathology, IHC is crucial for determining hormone receptor status (estrogen and progesterone receptors), HER2 protein expression, and Ki-67 proliferation index. These biomarkers guide treatment decisions and provide prognostic information. The technique involves applying primary antibodies that bind to target proteins, followed by detection systems that produce visible signals, typically brown chromogenic staining that can be evaluated microscopically.
Usage
Usage note: Universally abbreviated as IHC in pathology reports and clinical documentation.
In Context
- "Immunohistochemistry confirmed strong estrogen receptor positivity in 95% of tumor cells." — Pathology report
- "The laboratory will perform immunohistochemistry for hormone receptors and HER2 on the core biopsy specimen." — Laboratory requisition