cytokine storm
An excessive inflammatory response following severe burns characterized by widespread release of inflammatory mediators.
Full Definition
Cytokine storm refers to the hyperinflammatory state that can develop following major burn injuries, typically those involving more than 40% total body surface area. This phenomenon involves the massive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins, and interferon-gamma. In burn patients, cytokine storm contributes to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction, and increased mortality. Understanding this concept is crucial for burn surgery documentation as it influences treatment decisions regarding immunomodulation, fluid management, and timing of surgical interventions.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from sepsis; both can coexist in burn patients.
In Context
- "The patient's deteriorating condition was attributed to cytokine storm secondary to extensive thermal injury." — intensive care unit note
- "Early excision and grafting may help prevent cytokine storm in major burn patients." — surgical planning note