diastolic dysfunction
Impaired ventricular relaxation and filling during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle.
Full Definition
A condition characterized by abnormal left ventricular relaxation, reduced compliance, or both, leading to elevated filling pressures despite normal or near-normal ejection fraction. Diastolic dysfunction represents a significant challenge in cardiac anesthesia as these patients are particularly sensitive to changes in heart rate, preload, and afterload. The condition is often associated with hypertension, diabetes, and aging, and can progress to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Anesthetic management requires careful attention to maintaining adequate filling pressures while avoiding volume overload.
Usage
Usage note: Grade severity (I-III) should be specified when documented.
In Context
- "Echocardiography revealed grade II diastolic dysfunction with elevated E/e' ratio." — Preoperative echo report
- "The patient's diastolic dysfunction required careful fluid management during the perioperative period." — Anesthetic record